Brake-shoe.



J. E. 'WOR-SWICK BRAKE SHOE, APPLICATION FILED OCT-20,1913.

Patented A r. 6, 1915;

. 3 Mnvrgg hm? 5 %zvm' WITNESSES c. m j

UNITED STA JAMES EDWARD WORSWICK, OF MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA, WILLIAM L. ALLEN, OF'MONTGOMEEY,

"To all whom it may concern ed a new and useful Improvement in Brake- Shoes, of which the following is a, specification.

My invention is an improvement 'in' brake shoes, and has for its object. to provide a shoe of the character specified, designed for use with car wheels of every kind, and espe cially for use with chilled cast iron wheels, wherein the elements constituting the shoe are so arranged that when the shoe is in contact with the wheel, a maximum of braking efliciency will result with a minimum of heat evolution, and wherein the shoe will dress the periphery of the wheel at. every point except Where the wheel is engaged by the rail.

In the draWings:-Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of web for the inserts, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the base plate and the web, Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the base plate, Fig. 41 is asimilar view of the hold ing device for connecting the web to the base plate, Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail of a portion of Fig. 8, Fig. 6 is a perspective view of that portion of the insert arranged .at the flange of the wheel, Fig. 7 is a rear viewof the shoe, Fig. 8 is a section on. the line 88 of Fig. 10, Fig. 9 is a front View of the braking shoe, and Fig. 10 is a. section on the line 1010 of Fig. 8.

The present invention is an improvement over that forming the subject matter of.

my prior Patent, No. 1,046,360, granted December 3rd, 1912, andthe improvmentis shown in connection with the body 1 of a brake shoe, the said body being curved 1on gitudinally as shown in Fig. 8, and being shaped transversely on its engaging or front face to fit the periphery of a car wheel 2. The body is also provided with a lug or eye 3 on its rear face and at the center thereof for permitting the shoe to be connected with the brake head, (not shown) in a manner well understood in the art.

The inserts shown in Figs. 2 and 6, are incorporated' in the body of the shoe when the said shoe is cast, and the inserts are so arranged that the molten metal of the body may pass through openings in-the inserts Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed Octoher 20, 1913. Serial No. 796,176.

videdwith a longitudinal. series of spaced A ENT Enron.

BRAKE-SHOE.

smnonor ou.-. re aware ate tedAr 5.1 15.

circular recesses 7, the. said recesses eing formed in the present instance. by. oifsetting a portion of the metal laterally with respect to the plane ofthe back plate, Within each of therecesses 7 the back plate is provided with a late and diametrically of the. recess 7 an at, the center ofieach slot (and as-a consequence at' the cent r of the recess), the back plate. is provided with a. circular opening9...

The angular web. 6. is formed from. a, strip of suitable materiahbybending thematerial laterally in opposite'directions to form a plurality of series. of leaves or wings, the alternate leaves constituting. one series, and the intermediate leaves the other series. The leaves of each series are parallel. and ex. tend in the opposi e directionand. flm fiot the leaves of the other-s ries. Each. leaf or wing of the Web is provided near one edge with a. longitudinally extending slot 10., and at the junction between the adjacent leaves or at the angle formed by the junction of the leaves, the strip or web is provided with a, rectangular opening 11, the, said opening ex= tending from near one side edge. to near. the other side edge of the. strip, so that merely a connecting bar is left at eaohsidc 0f the strip to connect the adjacent leaves.-

- The web is connected. to the. hack. plate by meansof the 'holdin or connecti dc, vices shown in .F 4;. Each of the sai devices comprisesa. mlZ' having at one enda,

circular or disk=s apedf head 13 and at the other end aflange 14, exten la erally from the pin, and of. greater lengt than-the pin, as shown. The. flange is providedwith a slot or opening 15, and the said device is arranged in the following manner; H-he flange 14 is passed through-one of. the slots 8 of the back plate, and isengag'cd withthe. slot 10 of one of the leaves of; the. web, as shown in Fig. 5, and with the head 13 rest: ing in the recess 7. The slot 10. is so are ranged with respect to the adjacent edge, of the web, and the pin 12 is attach length,

slot.- 8. extendin t s versely of theback g that when arranged as above specified, there will be a space between the under face of the depression caused by the formation of the recess 7 and the adjacent edge of the web. The slot 10 is also of greater width than the thickness of the flange 14, and the opening 15 of the said flange is within the slot 10. When the molten iron is poured into the mold with the insert in-place, the molten metal will pass through the slot 10 and through the opening 15 of the flange, and between the under face of the back plate and the adjacent edge of the web, and into the opening 9 and the slot 10, thus binding the insert tightly to the web.

The free edge of the web, that is, the edge remote from the back plate is flush with the engaging face of the shoe, as shown in Figs. 5 and 10, so that the said edge will.

engage the periphery of the wheel together with the body of the shoe.

The insert ust described, is arranged at that part of the shoe which engages that portion of the periphery of the wheel which extends outside of or beyond the rail, and the insert shown in Fig. 6 is arranged in that part of the shoe which will engage the flange of the wheel. The insert shown in Fig. 6 comprises a back plate 16, arched transversely from side to side, and a web 17 arranged on the concave face of the back plate. The web is provided on its outer face with recesses 18, corresponding to the recess 7, and the back plate is provided with slots and openings at ea ch recess corresponding in shape and location to the slot 8 and the opening 9 of the back plate 5.

The web 17 is shown as sinuous instead of angular, as is the web 6. The said web 17 is formed from a strip of suitable material, bent into sinuous form, and to form a plurality of series of connected curves, the alternate curves being arched in the opposite direction to the intermediate curves. The strip from which the web 17 is formed is provided at regular intervals with slots 19, corresponding in location and size to the slots 10 of the web 6,-and the said strip is also provided with openings 20, corresponding to the opening 11 of the web 6. The web is connected to the back plate 16 in precisely the same manner as the web 6 is connected with the back plate 5, that is, by

" means of the holding or connecting devices shown in Fig. 4, and the said devices are arranged in precisely the same manner, as shown in Fig. 6.

The back plate 16 is provided between each pair of adjacent recesses 18 with an opening '21 of oblong or elliptical shape. The insert shown in Fig. 6 is incorporated in the body of the shoe during the casting ..'thereof, in the same manner as is the insert shown in Fig. 2. The molten metal fills the concave or channeled face of the back plate 16, enters the slots 19 and the openings 20 and fills the slot 15 of the flange 14, thus firmly and rigidly binding the insert with the body of the shoe.

A transverse opening 22 is provided in the body of the shoe at the alternate openings 21, the said openings gradually decreasing in cross section from the engaging face of the shoe to the rear face thereof and registering with the opening 21. The inserts of Figs. 2 and 6 are connected at each end by a tie plate 23, and at their center by another tie plate 24. Each tie plate has one end connected to the back plate 5, and the other end to the back plate 16, as shown in Figs. 7 and 10 the back plates 5 and 17 have openings 30 through which extend tongues 31 at the end of the tie plates. The tongues have openings 32, as shown in Fig. 10,

through which the molten metal may pass, to

bind the parts together. The three tie plates 23 and 24 are connected to the back plates in the same manner, the connection of the plate 24 being shown in Fig. 10 of the drawing. The plate 24 is provided at the end adjacent to the plate 16 with extensions 25, which pass through openings in the back plate 16 to the concave face thereof. The said extensions are provided with openings at the concave face, and the back plate 5 is provided with openings 27 arranged in two series as shown in Fig. 5; the said openings 27 are tapering, increasing in cross section from the inner to the outer face of the back plate.

When the shoe is cast, the molten metal passes into and through the openings 27 to the level of the rear face of the back plate through the slots 8 and the openings 9, filling the recess 7 to the level of the rear face of the back plate, through the openings 11 and 10 of the webs, through the openings 15 of the connecting devices, through the openings of the extensions, and through the openings for the extensions in the back plate 16, thus efiectually and firmly tying all the parts together with the body of the shoe. It will be noticed that the tie plates 23 and 24 are slotted to permit the moltenlmetal to pass into the said openings or recesses to more firmly bind the tie plates to the body of the shoe.

The engaging face of the shoe, as shown in Fig. 9, is so arranged that the web porback plate will engage the flange of the wheel and will dress the same when in engagement therewith. The web 6 of the insert shown in Fig. 2 will engage that portion of the periphery of the wheel which lies outside of the rail,'and will dress that portion of the wheel, so that the entire periphery of the Wheel will be worn away at equal speed.

' It will be evident that with continued use the engaging face of the shoe will, if no attention is paid thereto, finally wear away until only the back plate remains. In the construction forming the subject matter of my above-mentioned prior patent, the web i integral with the back plate, and when the web is worn away, the shoe must be discarded.

In the present construction, the back plate is separated from the web by a portion of the body of the shoe, that is, by that portion of the material forming the body of the shoe which passes between the inner face of the back plate and the adjacent edge of the web. As soon as the web and body of the shoe wear away sufiiciently to expose this above-mentioned portion of the body, the back plate is removed, a new web attached, and recast in another shoe. The car inspector can determine at a glance whether a shoe constructed in accordance with the invention should be replaced, since I as soon as that portion of the metal between the back plate and the web is exposed, the

' shoe should be removed. Thus a single back plate may be used indefinitely. The re maining body of a worn shoe may be removed from the back plate 5, by clipping or cutting away those portions of the material of the body of the shoe which pass into the openings 27.

The metal abraded from the wheel by the action of the shoe passes away through the openings 21-22, and collects in the spaces 28, shown in Figs. 8 to 9, between adjacent portions of the leaves of the web, so that the said material will not roll up between the engaging face of the shoe and the periphery of the wheel.

As is known, the heavy braking pressure necessary in operating trains, results in many accidents, due to the additional stresses set up during the braking action, and due to the heatingof thewheel by the brake shoes ordinarily used. The friction between the shoe and the wheel causesheating of the shoe and the wheel and as a conse quence expansion of the tire and rim of the wheel. The actual resisting strength of the wheel is thus lowered beyond the safety limit, and this is especially true on railroads having long steep grades. With such grades there are as a rule, numerous and sharp curves, and upon such curves the wheels are subjected to lateral stresses which they are least able to resist. With the improved shoe, such heating does not occur, while at the same time, the holding qualities of the brake is increased. In addition, the

present shoe exerts the braking action only on those portions of the periphery of the wheel which overhangthe rail, and which are not subjected to the wearing action of the rail. It is a fact that when new brake shoes are used in connection with old wheels the engaging face of the shoe must be worn to. fit the contour 'of the periphery of the wheel, before the full braking action is attained.

It is a known fact that the most efficient braking surface is a surface wherein metals of different hardness are used, and it is also known that in the ordinary shoe, the ma terial abraded from the wheel decreases the area of the contact between the shoe and addition, the life of the wheel is lengthened,

due to the dressing of the wheel.

It will be understood that while, as a rule, two back plates are made use of, that is, a back plate for each web, yet it is obvious that a single back plate might be used for the two webs, the webs being connected to the back plate in precisely the same manner as they are connected to the two back plates. It will also be understood thatthe webs are made of varying degrees of hardness, the degree of hardness depending upon the char acter of car wheels with; which theyare in tended to be used. With wheels-having tires of crucible steel, the web should be of very hard steel, while with wheels having tires the webs, in order that the wearing portion of tlr'e web at such points will be lessened after the initial braking action,'in such manner as to avoid'cutting away the-sides of a wheel flange.

I claim 1. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser, comprising a body portion of a soft metal and having at one side a longitudinally extending grooved flange receiving portion, a sinuous web within the body portion at the said groove, a sinuous web within the body at the opposite side of the shoe, a back plate for each web, means for detachably connecting each back plate to the adjacent web, said means comprising pins having at one end a head and at the other end a laterally extending flange, the webs having slots extending longitudinally thereof at the edge adjacent to the back plate for receiving the flanges, and the back plates having transverse slots for permitting the passage of the flanges, said slots being enlarged intermediate their ends to receive the pins, the back plates having depressions or recesses n their outer faces for receiving the heads, said flange having a slot and the'slots of the web being of greater width than the thickness of the flange to permit the metal of the body to pass into the said slots, said pins being of a length to hold the web with its inner edge spaced away from the inner face of the base plate, said webs and back plates being of hard metal.

2. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser, comprising a body portion having at one side 'a longitudinally extending grooved flange receiving portion, a sinuous web within the body portion at the said groove, a sinuous web within the body at the opposite side of the shoe, a back plate for each web, means for detachably connecting each back plate to the adjacent web, said means com-' prising pins having at one end a head and at the other end a laterally extending flange,

the web having slots extending longitudinally thereof at the edge adjacentto the back plate for receiving the flanges, and the back plates having transverse slots for permitting'the passage of the flanges, said slots being enlarged intermediate their ends to receive the pins, the back plates having depressions or recesses on their outer faces for receiving the heads, said means spacing the inner edge of the web from the inner face of the flange. I

3. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser, comprising a body portion of a soft metal and having at one side a longitudinally extending grooved flange receiving portion, a

sinuous web within the body portion at the said groove, a sinuous flange within the body at the opposite side of the shoe, a back plate for each web, means for detachably. con

Qnecting each back plate to the adjacent web, said means comprising pins having at one end a head and at the other end a laterally extending flange, the web having slots extending longitudinally thereof at the edge adjacent to the back plate for receiving the flanges and the back aplates having transverse slots for permitting the passage of the flanges, said slots being enlarged intermediate their ends to receive the pins, the back plates having depressions or recesses on their outer faces for receiving the heads, the webs being of hard metal.

4. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser,

' comprising a body portion having at one side a longitudinally extending grooved flange receiving portion, a sinuous web within the body portion at the said groove, a sinuous web within the body at the opposite side of the shoe, a back plate for each web, means for detachably connecting each back plate to the adjacent web, said means holding the web with their inner edges spaced apart from the inner faces of the back plates.

A car wheel brake shoe and dresser,

comprising a body portion having at one side a longitudinally extending grooved flange receiving portion, a sinuous web within the body portion at the said groove, a sinuous web within the body at the opposite side of the shoe, a back plate for each web, and means for detachably connecting each back plate to the adjacent web.

6. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser, comprising a body portion, a plurality of sinuous webs within the body portion and extending longitudinally thereof, said webs having their free edges flush with the engaging face of the shoe and arranged to engage the overhang of the wheel at each side of the rail, aback plate for each web, and means for detachably connectingeaeh back plate to the adjacent web, said webs and back plates being of harder metal than the body of the shoe.

7. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser, comprising a body portion, a plurality of sinuous webs within the body portion and extending longitudinally thereof, said webs of the rail, a back plate for each web, and

means for detachably connecting each back plate to the adjacent web, said means spacing the adjacent edge of the web from the pack late.

8. car wheel brake shoe and dresser, comprising a body portion, a plurality of sinuous webs within the body portion and extending longitudinally thereof, said webs having one edge flush with the engaging face of the shoe and arranged to engage the overhang of the wheel at each side of the rail, a back plate for each web, and means for detachably connecting each back plate to the adjacent web.

9'. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser, comprising a body portion, a sinuous web within the body portion and having its free edge flush with the engaging face of the shoe, a back plate for the web, and means for detachably connecting the back plate to the web.

10. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser,

comprising a body portion, and a plurality of sinuous webs extending longitudinally of the shoe at each side thereof, each web having one of its edges flush with the engaging face of the shoe. and the said webs being arranged to engage the overhang of the wheel at each side of the rail, a back plate for the webs, and means for detachably connecting the webs to the'back plate.

11. A car wheel brake shoe. and dresser formed of a body portion of'a soft metal and a continuous portion formed of harder metal and composed of a web portion having transverse cutting ordressing faces and a base plate in a plane at approximately a right angle to that of'the web portion, the body portion being provided with openings adjacent to and exposing the cutting or dressing faces and forming discharge openings for the niaterial removed by the braking action, and means for detachably connecting the web to the back plate, said means comprising circular depressions or recesses in the outer face of the back plate, said plate having slots extending transversely of the plate and diametrically of the recesses, the slots being enlarged laterally at each side at the center of the depression,

the web having slots extending longitudinally thereof and near its upper edge at each of the depressions, and holding devices each comprising a pin having at one end a lateral flange adapted to pass through the slot of the plate and engaging a slot of the web, said pin having at the other end a head of greater size than the opening for engaging the depression.

'12. Acar wheel brake shoe comprising a main or body portion and a sinuous Web having its bends on opposite sides of a central longitudinal line formed with openings which extend nearly to the outer bearing edges of the web whereby the wearing portion of the web at such points will be lessened after the initial braking action in such manner as to avoid cutting away the sides of a wheel flange, a back plate at the rear face of the shoe, and means for detachably connecting the back plate and the web.

13. A car wheel brake shoe havinga sinuous web and provided at the bends thereof with openings extending nearly to the outer wearing edges of the web, the openings in the bends occurring at the sides of the sinuous web in such manner as to avoid cutting the sides of a wheel flange, a back plate for the rear face of the shoe, and means for detachably connecting the web to the back plate.

14. A car wheel brake shoe having a longitudinally grooved flange bearing portion and provided with a sinuous 'webextending along the said bearing portion, a back platefor the web, and means for detachably connecting the back plate and the web.

15. In a brake shoe, the combination of a body portion having in its inner face a longitudinally grooved flange receiving portion having an insert comprising a sinuousweb crossing the grooved bearing portion, and a back plate for the web and curved in cross section, and means for detachably connecting the web to the back plate.

16. In a brake shoe, the combination of a body ortion having an insert comprising a plum ity of, sinuous webs, each having one of its side edges flush with the engaging face of the body portion, the said websextending' I longitudinally of the shoe and being arranged at the outer sides thereof to engage the overhang of the wheel at each'side of the rail, a back plate forthe web, and a detachable connection between each back plate and the webs, said connection spacing the adjacent edges of the webs from the back plate to permit the material of the body to ass between the said edges and the back p ate,

said webs being of harder material-than the body.

17. In a brake shoe, the combination with a body portion and an insert comprising a sinuous web extending longitudinally of the shoe and having one edge flush with the en-' gaging face of the shoe, a back plate for the web, and a detachableconnectlon between the back plate and the web, said connection spacing the adjacent edge of the web from the back plate to permit the material of the body to pass between the-said edge and the back plate, the web being of harder material than the body.

18. A car wheel brake shoe and dresser,

comprising a body portion and inserts each consisting of a sinuous web extending longitudinally of the body and having one edge flush with the engaging face of the body, a back plate for the shoe, a detachable connection between each insert and the back plate, said inserts being at the opposite side edges of the shoe and spaced apart from each other.

JAMES EDWARD WORSWICK.

Witnesses p S. P. GRICE,

FRED O.MOORE. 

